Inhalt

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   Abstract
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   Zusammenfassung
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   Publications
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   Acknowledgments
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   Contents
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   List of Figures
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   List of Tables
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   Listings
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    Introduction
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  1 Introduction
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   1.1 Motivation
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   1.2 Research Questions and Contributions
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   1.3 Thesis Structure
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  2 Preliminaries
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   2.1 Basic Fundamentals of Text Sources
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   2.2 Knowledge & Knowledge Graph
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  2.3 Evaluation Measures
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   2.3.1 Precision, Recall & F-measure
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   2.3.2 Matthews Correlation Coefficient & Error Rate
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   2.3.3 Micro and Macro Averages
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   2.4 Token-Wise & Entity-Wise Evaluation
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    Knowledge Extraction
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  3 Ensemble Learning for Named Entity Recognition
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   3.1 Related Work
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  3.2 Overview
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   3.2.1 Named Entity Recognition
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   3.2.2 Ensemble Learning
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   3.2.3 Named Entity Recognition based on Ensemble Learning
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   3.3 Evaluation
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   3.3.1 Pipeline
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   3.3.2 Experimental Setup
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   3.4 Results
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  4 Entity Type Extraction and Linking
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   4.1 Related Work
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   4.2 Pattern Extraction
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   4.2.1 Sentence Part Extraction
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   4.2.2 Grammar Construction
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  4.3 Type Extraction
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   4.3.1 Type String Extraction
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   4.3.2 Local Type Hierarchy
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   4.4 Entity Type Linking using Yago
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   4.5 Entity Type Linking using Fox
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  4.6 Evaluation
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   4.6.1 OKE Challenge 2015 Task 1
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   4.6.2 OKE Challenge 2015 Task 2
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  5 Holistic Entity Linking
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   5.1 Named Entity Linking and Disambiguation
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   5.2 Entity Linking
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   5.3 Emerging Holistic Approaches
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   5.3.1 Bibliographical Review Procedure
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  5.4 Holistic Entity Linking
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   5.4.1 Motivating Example
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   5.4.2 Key Aspects of Holistic Entity Linking
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   5.5 Holistic Entity Linking Approaches
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   5.5.1 Distinct Inputs and Data Features
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   5.5.2 Diverse Natural Language Processing Tasks
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   5.5.3 Disambiguation Methods
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   5.6 Comparative Analysis of Holistic Entity Linking
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   5.6.1 Evaluation of Holistic Entity Linking Approaches
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  5.7 Potential Pillars for Future Holistic Approaches
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   5.7.1 The General Semantic Annotation Process
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   5.7.2 Knowledge Graphs and Knowledge Embedding
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   5.7.3 Building and Exploiting Historical Contexts
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   5.7.4 Holistic Entity Linking Reference Approach
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  6 Relation Extraction
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   6.1 Related Work
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  6.2 Overview
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   6.2.1 Closed Binary Relation Extraction
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   6.2.2 Distant Supervision
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   6.2.3 Tree
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   6.2.4 Subtree
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   6.2.5 TEXT Relation
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  6.3 Approach
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   6.3.1 Overview
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   6.3.2 Linguistic Annotation
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   6.3.3 Candidate Selection
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   6.3.4 Embedded Semantics
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   6.3.5 Generalization
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  6.4 Evaluation
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   6.4.1 Setup
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   6.4.2 Quantitative Evaluation
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   6.4.3 Qualitative Evaluation
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   6.5 Error Analysis
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    Challenges and Applications
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  7 Semantifying Applications
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   7.1 Related Work
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   7.2 The Semantic Content Management System
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  7.3 Tools and Vocabularies
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   7.3.1 Wrapper
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   7.3.2 Orchestration Service
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   7.3.3 FOX
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   7.3.4 OntoWiki
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   7.4 Use Case
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   7.5 Evaluation
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  8 Knowledge Graph Population
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   8.1 Related Work
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  8.2 Semantic Web Challenge 2017
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   8.2.1 Dataset
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   8.2.2 Task 1: Attribute Prediction
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   8.2.3 Task 2: Attribute Validation
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   8.2.4 Evaluation and Benchmarking
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  8.3 Approach
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   8.3.1 Overview of the Method
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   8.3.2 Data Acquisition
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   8.3.3 Attribute Extraction
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   8.3.4 Scoring and Ranking
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   8.3.5 Attribute Validation
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   8.4 Results
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   8.5 Error Analysis
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  9 Knowledge Extraction Challenges
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   9.1 Related Work
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  9.2 Open Knowledge Extraction Challenge tasks
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   9.2.1 Task 1: Focused Named Entity Identification and Linking
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   9.2.2 Task 2: Broader Named Entity Identification and Linking
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   9.2.3 Task 3: Focused Musical Named Entity Recognition and Entity Linking
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  9.3 Evaluation
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   9.3.1 Datasets
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   9.3.2 Measures
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   9.3.3 Platform
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  9.4 Participants
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   9.4.1 Adel
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   9.4.2 FOX
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   9.5 Results
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   9.5.1 Task 1
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   9.5.2 Task 2
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   9.5.3 Task 3
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   9.5.4 Overall
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    Synopsis
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  10 Synopsis
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   10.1 Summary
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   10.2 Conclusion and Future Work
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    Appendix
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   A Motivation
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   B Holistic Entity Linking
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   Acronyms
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   RDF Namespaces
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   Symbols
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    Bibliography
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   Declaration