In order to study the white layer formation and several mechanisms in high speed cutting, we develop a multi-mechanism model (MMM) for cutting simulation taking asymmetric visco-plasticity, phase transformation and transformation induced plasticity (TRIP) into account.To this end, the well-known Johnson-Cook model is extended by the concept of weighting functions for considering the asymmetric effect, which labels different material behaviors under tension, compression and shear. For the special scenario of high speed cutting with martensite as the initial phase, two phase transformations are considered: 1. Transformation of the martensitic initial state into austenite, then 2. retransformation to martensite. The model is formulated within a thermodynamicframework at large strains, and specialized and applied to high speed cutting.Furthermore, we extend the MMM with a phase gradient based on the concept of generalized stresses proposed by Gurtin and Forest in order to consider different interface energies appearing in phase transformations. To this end, the austenite mass fraction, which represents a chemical variable, is treated as an extra degree of freedom in the modelling part as well as in the finite element formulation. We consider its first gradient and study its influence on the phase transformations. Moreover, hardness dependency and hardness modification due to white layer formation are taken into account. |